TOEFL
TOEFL is an
abbreviation of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (Test of English as a
foreign language), which is held by an institution in the United States called
ETS (Educational Testing Service). The TOEFL is important for friends who want
to study or study abroad to study. This TOEFL is an indicator to ensure friends
who use not from countries that use English, so that lectures can be obtained
well in countries that use English. This TOEFL is used to ensure:
- Ensuring that the student understands the description given by the lecturer in English (listening skills).
- Students understand the required textbook books (reading skills).
- Students are able to make scientific writing with correct grammar (writing & grammar skills).
To
be accepted in Western countries, prospective students must have a TOEFL score
standard set by each university in these Western countries. For example the
minimum TOEFL score for countries in Europe is 500 (minimum), the TOEFL score
for Australia is 500 (minimum), while the TOEFL score for countries in America
is 550 (required). TOEFL has two general objectives namely:
- The academic objectives of the TOEFL are for educational, research or related purposes to academic activities abroad, or in Indonesia. For post-graduates, usually the minimum grade is 550 while for S1 is 500.
- General purpose (general) is generally used in the field of work, promotion or work assignments. Many companies install English standards for their employees by looking at the TOEFL score. Generally, the minimum TOEFL score is 500 for a standard promotion.
TOEFL
has several types, namely:
- PBT or Paper-Based Test (now deleted).
Even
if it still exists, it's very rare to still use it and that is only for
practice. Internationally, PBT cannot be used to apply for work and / or study
abroad.). Is a type of TOEFL test based on paper or in other words this type of
TOEFL uses paper as a tool or tool during the test. This TOEFL was first
recognized by the world community in 1964 and was used as a form of language
proficiency testing at that time. After the times, internationally this type of
TOEFL is rarely found. But there are still some countries that still use the
TOEFL PBT to test their English language skills, one of these countries is
Indonesia. In total, there are around 60 institutions in 48 major cities in
Indonesia that hold the TOEFL PBT test.
In
Indonesia the TOEFL PBT is also commonly known as the TOEFL ITP or
Institutional Testing Program. The point is that this type of TOEFL is held by
an institution or language center in the school or at the University to test
the English language skills of the participants who incidentally are students
or students of the University. In addition, this type of TOEFL only applies to
local users in terms of their use and how to follow them. In TOEFL ITP, there
are some English skills or abilities that are tested, including: Listening,
structure and written expression, reading. The ITE TOEFL test takes 2 - 2.5
hours with a score range of 310 - 677.
- CBT or Computer-Based Test (which has now also been deleted).
Is
a type of computer-based TOEFL test. The point is that the TOEFL test uses a
computer as a tool or tool during the exam. TOEFL CBT is a type of test as a
development of the TOEFL PBT which was first recognized by the public in 1998.
But for now this type of TOEFL has not been held anymore, because it is
considered to be less valid in its implementation both in terms of material and
scores obtained.
In
the TOEFL CBT there are a number of English language skills that are tested,
including Listening, reading and writing. Tests on this type of TOEFL last for
2 - 2.5 hours. Regarding the range of values on the TOEFL CBT is different
from the TOEFL PBT, which is 0 - 300.
- IBT or Internet-Based Test.
It
is a TOEFL test based on the Internet or in other words during the examination
process, the internet is a tool in its administration. In addition, this type
of test also uses computers as media. However, in this type of test there is an
internet connection that distinguishes it from the TOEFL CBT. TOEFL IBT is the
latest type of TOEFL launched by ETS (Educational Testing Service) as a test to
test the ability of the world community in English. The ITS TOEFL was first
issued by ETS in 2005, but was first implemented in Indonesia in 2006.
As
with other types of TOEFL, in TOEFL IBT there are also several abilities
(skills) that are tested, such as: Reading, Listening, Speaking and Writing.
TOEFL IBT lasts 4 hours with a score range of 0-120.
- Institutional Testing Program (ITP)
This TOEFL test is a test
held by a trusted college or language institution. However, the questions given
still follow international standards. Because of this nature ITP is usually not
internationally recognized. This type of TOEFL certificate can only be applied
domestically or in some Asian countries. Therefore, if you want to go to school
or work abroad, make sure first if they accept this ITP type TOEFL test.
- TOEFL Prediction Test
The
TOEFL Prediction Test aims to estimate the TOEFL test score so you can evaluate
the deficiencies you have. This test can also be an exercise for you to be
better prepared for the actual TOEFL test. The test questions are usually taken
from TOEFL books like Longman, Barron, ETS, and so on. This preparation exam is
usually held by the language institute that holds the TOEFL test.
After
we know the types of TOEFL, the following are the types of TOEFL exams, namely:
- Reading
In
the Reading Session there are 4 - 6 university level texts that you must read
carefully, before answering multiple choice questions. The goal is that you can
understand the text, main ideas, language vocabulary, conclusions, meanings and
variety of rhetoric.
- Listening
In
the Listening Session there are 2-3 types of conversations and 4-6 types of
lectures / lectures that you should refer to, before answering multiple choice
questions. You have to listen to important details, conclusions, intonation, to
language vocabulary.
- Speaking
This
session is only available for TOEFL IBT types. You will talk through the
microphone. Your voice will be recorded to be listened to by the evaluator
after completion. Two questions are general topics, where you have to describe
things you know in general, such as your hometown or favorite teacher, for
example. The next two questions take the form of a summary of information from
the text you read and the conversation you hear that you have to make. Don't
forget to add your opinion. The next two questions are a summary of information
from the short conversation that you hear.
- Writing
You
have to write two short essays. One for your opinion on general topics, such as
where it is better to live - city or village and why? Another one in the form
of a summary of information from the text and lectures / lectures, where the
two intersect. You have to compare and differentiate, then present information
that is opposite.
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